Investigation of Flora, Soil, and Biodiversity of Ecosystems in Arid Eastern Moroccan Rangelands

Abstract Recently, pastoral ecosystem has been strongly studied by naturalists. However, phytoecological research must focus on species richness and enhance these ecosystems. The main objective of this is to prove that the Moroccan very rich in terms soil biodiversity plant formations. In such areas, some plants maintain physicochemical characteristics soil. field experiment was based Braun-Blanquet sampling method with 90 surveys. vegetation surveys carried out during spring 2014–2018 period showed there were 30 families, 23 orders, 99 (47 perennial 52 annual or biennial species). Of inventoried, 14 are rare (RR) (14% total flora), six (R), five suspected (R?), three extinct doubtful presence (??), two vulnerable (or seem be), decline, could become short term (V), one a taxon (RR?). Investigation life forms Raunkiaer various different forms. Among them, terophytes (47%) 2% phanerophytes had highest lowest species, respectively. This work led us discover ( Atractylis cancellata , Carduus pycnocephalus Scorzonera angustifolia Telephium sphaerospermum Teucrium luteum Androsace maxima ) types rangeland eastern Morocco. Chorology results high proportion Mediterranean biogeographic study area, percentage 35%. North African followed Mediterranean, 14%. Euro-Mediterranean constituted major flora arid regions played significant role rangelands 8%. Eurasian 6%, Asian forming 4% species. Eurasian, Paleo temperate, same (3%). remains represented low percentage, but contributed diversity phytogeographic potential